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Why is this important?

  • Depending on your assignment, you may need the most current data or data from a particular time period.

  • You should consider in advance how important currency is for you.

  • Be especially careful with statistical data: it should always include the time period for the collected data.


How to evaluate it

The site should include:

  • The date when it was created, often stated as copyright date.
  • The date of the last update / revision.
  • Time period for collected data.

Not all sites will include all of these dates.

The copyright date is often stated for the whole period the site exists, e.g. 1998-2004, but there are many sites where you can only find the copyright date for the current year.

An update does not necessarily mean that the whole site was updated; it could have been only a part of the site or a change of the layout.

Keep an eye on these points:

Links
Are the links current or updated regularly?
How many dead links are on the site?
Is the information on the page outdated?

In case you find no dates:
Check the bibliography or list of references for currency.
What are the dates of the references?
Are any current publications included?
See whether there is a "news" site. Often you can tell from the date of the news how current a site is.

If you do not find a date on the first page, take a look at the other pages.


Examples

1. African History

There is no date on this site. But you should consider whether a date is really necessary for this subject. As the subject is history, you may not need a current date.

But if you were working on a paper about recent history, a current date could be important.

If you are not sure whether this source is reliable because of the missing date, consider the other evaluation criteria.


2. Animal Rights

There is a copyright date from the year 2000 at the bottom, but no update date.

You could follow the menu point "Events/News." The latest event they announce is for September 2005.

You could also check the links on this site and see if they are current and if there are many dead links.

Be cautious; if you find many dead links, that means that nobody has checked the links for a while and indicates that the content of the site is probably not very current.


3. Census Pennsylvania

The important data here is at the bottom of the page: they clearly state where the data is derived from, including the time period.
This is important for you to know if you are doing research on the census for this specific time period.

This site has a fairly current update date, but that does not mean that the data is current. The data is still only valid for the time that is stated next to the information.


4. Child Development

Here you have a copyright date with beginning and end.

You also find the exact time when the site was updated.
The dates are in this case in the middle of the site, but the publisher made it easy to find them because through the layout they clearly differ from the rest of the site.

This is not always the case; on some sites you really have to search for any dates.

You cannot know to what extent the site has been updated. Maybe only a part has been updated, or they just changed something in the layout.


5. Law and Economics

There is a copyright date at the bottom of the site with beginning and end date.
This copyright date ends in 2000.

On this site you have to look round a bit for a revision date.

There is a revision date under "Search the Bibliographical Database" which says that that feature was last updated in 1997.

Be aware that this date is old and the content of the site may be outdated.


6. Opinion Poll

Here you find different dates:


The copyright date, which is at the bottom of the page.
In this case, it is the copyright date for the current year, so you do not know when this site was first put on the web.

Dates for the several opinion polls.
When you click on one of the links, you can see on what day the opinion poll was done, or during which time period.


It is really important to have exact dates for polls, because it enables you to draw conclusions.





 


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  January 25, 2006 -- http://www.library.cmu.edu/Services/Tutorials/CSW/currency.html
  Jean Alexander, Head of Hunt Reference, jeana@andrew.cmu.edu
  © 2006 Carnegie Mellon Libraries